Abstract
Newspapers are not only mere sources of information, but also an essential store house of information. This paper examines the role of newspapers vendor in the newspaper process. The study also discusses the sources where the newspapers are being accessed as well as the means of accessing the information. This study spelt out different columns available in the newspapers and explains the extent to which they attract readers. The opinions of respondents were analyzed alongside gender differences or sensitivity in the readership of Nigeria newspapers. The study went further to determine the newspaper that has the highest readership based on the various available sources. The data for this study was collected through questionnaire. The study conclude by giving some suggestions aimed at improving Nigeria daily news to further satisfy and meet the information needs of readers at various levels.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgment
Abstract
Table of content
CHAPETR ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of problem
1.3 Objective of the study
1.4 Research Hypotheses
1.5 Significance of the study
1.6 Scope and limitation of the study
1.7 Definition of terms
1.8 Organization of the study
CHAPETR TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPETR THREE
3.0 Research methodology
3.1 sources of data collection
3.3 Population of the study
3.4 Sampling and sampling distribution
3.5 Validation of research instrument
3.6 Method of data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.1 Introductions
4.2 Data analysis
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendation
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- Background of the study
T In a newspaper organization, there are various factors that determine the successful operation of the sales and distribution channels. Accordingly, even minor issues in these operations can adversely affect the newspaper. A customer may choose a newspaper for various reasons. However, it’s up to the newspaper agencies to communicate to the customer that their newspaper can deliver all the values a customer may look for. The reach and popularity of a newspaper to a large extent depends on its distribution network. Here we have carried out an analysis on the delivery and sales management of the Newspaper in order to better understand their channel and also identify and provide possible solutions to any shortcomings Plambeck, J. (April 26, 2010).
Newspapers have unique characteristics, in that they are delivered to approximately 54,000 (ADVAN 2006) retail outlets nationwide everyday, the content changes substantially from day-to-day and the demand for them will have all but expired by lunchtime on the day of sale. Although some other products might share one or two of these characteristics, their combination in newspapers means that the process of getting this product from supplier to consumer is substantially different from others in the economy. As a result, newspapers have a distribution system that is largely dedicated to that one product. This project aim is to provide a basic factual presentation of the role of Newspaper vendors on Newspaper Distribution process identifies the main characteristics of the supply chains for newspapers and magazines in Nigeria. Newspaper according to Wikipedia is most commonly published daily, or twice daily, weekly, fortnightly, or on a specific day or the week or month. It was stress further that in most cases are meant to deliver news and other information in an up-to-date, factual manner without bias. Accordingly, newspapers overtime develop loyal audiences and are often identified with the stereotypical attitude of the key demographics of their audience. Newspaper often includes features, editorials articles, opinion pieces and social commentary on current events which may reflect the target audience or the political/social bias of the newspaper. Generally, newspapers bring to the limelight information on national and international events. Among issues that usually form part of the information printed in newspapers are: personalities, crime, business, entertainment, society and sports. Others include politics, agriculture, science, technology and many more. Newspapers in any society help to inform members of the society about current happenings. For example, in the society, there are innovations every day. Scientists are discovering new drugs and many other happenings in other facets of life in the society. It is also imperative to know that information required by people are diverse in nature. Hence it is certain that any categories of readers will benefit no matter how little the information might be. Some of the published information is paid for while other information are being obtained by journalists who work for different newspaper publishing houses. Every minute of every day, something newsworthy is happening somewhere in the world, hence the relevance of newspapers as a source of accessing information about prevailing issues in the society cannot be over emphasized. In most Nigeria cities and towns, newspaper sellers who are usually called vendors, sell newspapers to people mostly in the early part of the day. People who can read and write in English language, which is the official language that most Nigerian newspapers are written, subscribe individually to newspapers of their choices. Some buy theirs on their way to the office in the morning, while the vendors deliver it in some offices based on agreements between the parties. The libraries and internet are other sources where many people get the newspapers to read in order to obtain the desired information every day. Other groups of people usually cluster around the vendor’s stands that are usually located in different parts of Nigerian cities and towns to quickly glance the front page of the newspapers which are displayed to prospective buyers. Historically, Ilorin, which is the city where the respondents for the study were selected, is an ancient city and has been the state capital of Kwara state since inception. It is located between the northern and southern region of Nigeria .In view of its strategic location and importance, the city has several presences of federal, state, and local government establishments. The city also attracts the attention of newspaper publishers, who deposits their newspapers with their agents every day. Hence, it is a usual thing to notice newspaper vendors at the major roads in the city selling the newspapers every day. Reading and understanding of the content of any piece of information is easily attainable if the readers understand the language in which the information is written. This opinion makes the researchers believe that only those who understand English language can successfully acquire information from the daily newspapers on their own, since they are all published in English language which is the official language in Nigeria. In Nigeria, people that can speak and write in English language are conventionally referred to as being educated while; those that cannot write and read English language are usually called illiterate. This is because the official language for all official transactions in schools, offices, court of law is English language as it is enshrined in the 1999 constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The study revealed the relative importance of newspapers as a source of obtaining desired information among people who are literate in English language. It also showed how the newspapers are patronized for the Akande et al. 107 purpose of accessing information. The areas of interest of respondents were also revealed
This paper is intended to give a high-level overview as to how the Nigeria Distribution chains for newspapers and magazines works, and the role played by Newspaper Vendors at the different levels of the supply chains. In so doing, the paper aims to set out some basic, relevant background information which it is hoped will aid readers' understanding of the role of Newspaper vendors in the distribution of Newspaper is being distributed to different part of the country.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The problems that lead to the study of this project arises form the issue of nature newspaper supply chains as compared to other products at all levels of the supply chains (publishing, wholesaling and retailing) and in the nature of the interactions between these levels.
Unlike supply chains for many other products, which are retailer-driven, the newspaper and magazine supply chains are publisher-led. In particular, publishers appear to exercise a strong degree of influence over pricing at all stages of the supply chains by printing a price on the cover (cover prices) and setting, or recommending, the margins earned by Newspaper vendors.
However, this study will examine the relationship between newspaper publisher and newspaper vendor with regard to the subject mater of the topic, it will identifies the problems that exist in the distribution process of Newspaper in the country and suggest possible prospects to this problems.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objective of this project work is to examine the role of the Nigeria print media in the development of sport in the country.
The study will examine the problems faced by the print media in the country and will also look into the relationship of print media and the sport agencies in the country.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The study attempted to provide answers to the following questions:
- To what extent do the activities of newspaper vendors’ influences the distribution process in newspaper production?
- Will the impact of effectiveness of distribution in newspaper production process be perceived by the readers?
- To what extent has newspaper publishers maintain business relationship with newspaper vendors in Nigeria?
- Are there any regulatory body concerned with maintain and regulating the operation of newspaper vendor and newspaper production in Nigeria?
- To what extent has newspaper vendors achieved in the production and the distribution of Newspaper in Nigeria?
- To what extent has the subscription of a Newspaper or magazine per individual affect the newspaper production and the newspaper vendors?
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
The following hypotheses were formulated to guide the completion of the study
H0: activities of newspaper vendors’ do not influences the distribution process in newspaper production
H1: activities of newspaper vendors’ do influences the distribution process in newspaper production
H0: newspaper publishers do not maintain business relationship with newspaper vendors in Nigeria
H2: newspaper publishers do maintain business relationship with newspaper vendors in Nigeria
1.6 SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY
The importance of this study was to determine the perceived impact of Newspaper vendors in the newspaper process in Nigeria.
It will enable the newspaper publishers to be well aware of the role that newspaper vendors’ played in the Newspaper distribution process.
It also educates the student, workers, and the general public the to understand the relevance of newspaper vendor in the production and distribution process of a newspaper.
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study covers the Print Media, i.e. both newspaper and magazines; this is due to the fact that almost all newspaper vendors in the country are concerned with the distribution process of both newspaper and magazines. This study will be based on the Print Media in Nigeria however, the concepts of this study may be well applied to the print media in other African countries.
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The limitation involved in this work includes the wide nature and time constraint of the study, which resulted in narrowing down the case study to Nigeria.
The following are the limitation that hinders the study of this research work;
- Financial Constraint: There are not enough funds to fuel the study of this research work. The researcher has access to a very little source of fund.
- Time Constraints: Due to the limited time available to carry out this research work, it is not possible to carry out the research extensively as anticipated by the researcher.
1.7. Definition of Terms
Newspaper: A newspaper is a scheduled publication containing news of current events, informative articles, diverse features and advertising. It usually is printed on relatively inexpensive, low-grade paper such as newsprint.
Vendor: A vendor, or a supplier, is a newspaper supply chain management term meaning anyone who provides newspapers from the publishers to the general public.
Journalist: A journalist collects and disseminates information about current events, people, trends, and issues. His or her work is acknowledged as journalism.
A Printing Press: A printing press is a device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a print medium (such as paper or cloth), thereby transferring the ink. Typically used for texts, the invention and spread of the printing press are widely regarded as the most influential events in the second millennium AD, revolutionizing the way people conceive and describe the world they live in, and ushering in the period of modernity.
Production: Production is the act of creating ‘use' value or ‘utility' that can satisfy a want or need
